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Posted by john on August 26th, 2007 — in Acyclovir Top News
I am a lawyer. During a first date with another lawyer, we had sex, and I wore a condom. Days later, when I came down with a bad fever and couldn’t determine the cause, she revealed that she had genital herpes. A judgeship will soon open up in her county, and she’s a near lock for it. But if I report her lapse of sexual ethics, I doubt that the selection committee will pick her. Should I? — NAME WITHHELD
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You should not. No doubt your paramour acted dreadfully. She should have told you that she had herpes and let you decide whether you wished to accept that risk. But the selection committee is not choosing a role model for the kids or someone to ride the express elevator to heaven; it seeks a person who will excel at a particular job. I do not believe that this sort of sexual misconduct correlates with an inability to be a good judge.
Many people whose sex lives would not stand up to ethical scrutiny do their work well. Notorious philanderers have been decent enough heads of state or C.E.O.’s or generals. Indeed, many Americans preferred President Kennedy promiscuous to President Nixon monogamous.
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Some private conduct does bespeak an inability to do a job. A would-be jurist who belonged to the Klan or even one who regularly used racist slurs would not inspire confidence in his or her ability to dispense equal justice to all. You should come forward with relevant information like that. But being unscrupulous in bed does not presage being inept on the bench, and so you should keep this demoralizing episode to yourself. And your doctor.
I work for a large bookstore and often process mail orders from prison inmates. Most are in for assault or burglary — I sometimes research them online — and reading might in some way better them.
But I fight the feeling that sex offenders, particularly those who harm children, should rot in a cell with nothing but the walls to occupy them. May I decline to handle their orders, or must I treat all my prisoners the same? — L.T., Ohio
Your let-’em-rot theory of penology notwithstanding, these people are not your prisoners; they are your customers. And yes, you should treat all your customers the same — that is, fill their orders.
Every merchant — pharmacist, greengrocer or milliner — should do likewise, but a bookstore clerk, dealing in the exchange of ideas, has an even greater obligation. You are not a librarian, bound by a librarian’s code of ethics, but you should be guided by it. Your duty is to provide books to anyone who walks (or writes) in to the store, not to determine a person’s worthiness to read (or have a prescription filled or buy lettuce or wear a fetching hat).
What’s more, if buying a book required people to “better” themselves, hardly anybody would read anything. Were your criterion universally adopted, the real losers would be John Grisham, Stephen King, Danielle Steel — bettering to no one, beloved by millions, bewildering to me.
Your sympathy for the incarcerated does you credit, even if it is strained by those who’ve committed particularly heinous acts. There is small virtue in giving people only what they deserve. As Hamlet has it: “Use every man after his desert, and who shall scape whipping? Use them after your own honor and dignity. The less they deserve, the more merit is in your bounty.”
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Posted by john on August 26th, 2007 — in Acyclovir Top News
Aug. 24, 2007 — Genital herpes is common but it still carries a big social stigma, an online poll shows.
The poll included 503 U.S. adults with genital herpes and about 1,400 other adults who said they didn’t have genital herpes.
Participants answered questions about their relationships and views of genital herpes.
They ranked genital herpes second for social stigma, out of all sexually transmitted diseases (HIV took the top spot for STD stigma).
The poll also included a list of other potentially taboo topics, including HIV, gonorrhea, mental illness, obesity, substance abuse, and cancer.
Most participants — 64% of those without genital herpes and 56% of those with genital herpes — said they didn’t think any of those topics were taboo. However, genital herpes was the top-ranked “taboo” topic.
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Among genital herpes patients, 39% said they were troubled by societal stigma about genital herpes. Far more genital herpes patients — 75% — were troubled by bothersome symptoms of genital herpes outbreaks.
Most people without genital herpes said they would avoid having a relationship with someone who has genital herpes and break up with a partner who had genital herpes.
Among people with genital herpes, 36% said they tell their partners about their genital herpes “well in advance of having sexual intercourse for the first time,” and 68% said they were concerned about transmitting genital herpes to their sexual partners.
But that doesn’t mean it’s easy for patients to talk to their partners about their genital herpes.
For instance, of the 325 genital herpes patients who reported having genital herpes outbreaks, 38% said they’d made up an excuse to avoid having sex during a genital herpes outbreak, instead of telling their partner about their outbreak.
Harris Interactive conducted the poll between Dec. 14, 2006, and Jan. 12, 2007. The poll was commissioned by the drug company Novartis.
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Posted by john on August 19th, 2007 — in Acyclovir Top News
WASHINGTON — “Nearly one in two African-American adults has genital herpes. Could it be you? Could it be your partner? . . . A simple blood test is the best way to know if you have it.”
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That’s the language of an advertisement that has begun running in publications and on radio stations with largely black audiences in cities including Baltimore, Detroit, and Atlanta.
The ad is part of a campaign by drugmaker GlaxoSmithKline to educate blacks about genital herpes, a sexually transmitted disease that is far more common among African-Americans than other racial or ethnic groups. The effort has divided public health authorities and raised complicated questions about race, sex, disease, and commerce.
As a pharmaceutical marketing tool, it may set a new standard for candor — and controversy.
The “Say Yes to Knowing” campaign partners Glaxo with the National Medical Association, the country’s main society of black physicians, and the American Social Health Association, of ASHA, a nearly century-old organization devoted to fighting what used to be called “venereal disease.” Each has received money from Glaxo in the past, although no donations were made in connection with this effort.
The campaign was introduced last month in Detroit, where it had the support of the local health department. In Baltimore the health commissioner has declined to endorse it.
Glaxo makes one of three drugs for genital herpes, which is caused by herpes simplex virus types 1 or 2. The infection cannot be cured, but it can be suppressed with daily medication.
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Some specialists worry that the campaign may lead to widespread testing and large-scale treatment of people who do not have symptoms — a strategy not recommended by federal health authorities. Even Glaxo’s supporters think the effort is likely to be controversial.
“My sense is that this is probably a high-risk campaign for GSK,” said Edward Hook, an infectious disease specialist at the University of Alabama at Birmingham and chairman of the board of ASHA. He believes that the campaign “will raise awareness across the country.” He added, “I don’t think even many doctors know how common genital herpes is.”
A federal survey in the early 1990s found that 21 percent of American adults had the infection. Among blacks, the rate was 48 percent. A follow-up survey this decade found that the national prevalence had fallen to 17 percent, but in blacks it had not gone down significantly.
In about 40 percent of newly infected people, the virus causes painful, pimple-like sores on the genitals. Although they eventually go away even without treatment, they can reappear every few months. In most people, recurrences are less frequent as time passes. In the survey, only 1 in 10 people who tested positive knew they were infected. A person without symptoms can transmit the virus to a sexual partner.
Genital herpes poses two chief hazards, apart from pain and embarrassment. Active infection in late pregnancy can cause devastating illness in a newborn. Infection also triples the risk of acquiring the AIDS virus from an HIV-infected person.
Medical authorities advise testing anyone with herpes-like sores and treating those who have active or painful infections. Many specialists also support long-term treatment of an infected person whose regular partner is uninfected. A study several years ago showed that a daily dose of Glaxo’s drug valacyclovir (Valtrex) cut the odds of transmitting the virus in half — from 4 percent to 2 percent — over a period of eight months.
Few specialists, however, recommend testing all adults for herpes. Both the US Preventive Services Task Force, which advises the Department of Health and Human Services, and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists reject routine screening.
There are several reasons.
Telling people they have an incurable, sexually transmitted disease can have serious social and emotional consequences. And there is no evidence that long-term treatment of tens of millions of asymptomatic people is worth the time, effort, and anguish.
And treatment can be expensive. While generic acyclovir, the oldest anti-herpes drug, costs as little as $9.96 for a month’s supply, Glaxo’s Valtrex costs $192.88.
Whether testing and treatment of a subpopulation, such as black adults, are useful and cost-effective has not been studied. A mathematical model published in March concluded that “suppressive coverage” would reduce the prevalence of genital herpes, especially if drugs were started right after people acquire the virus.
Baltimore’s health commissioner, Joshua M. Sharfstein, said his department turned down Glaxo’s request to become a local partner in its campaign “because of the lack of evidence to support, as a public health strategy, screening for herpes in people without symptoms.”
For their part, Glaxo officials describe the campaign as largely an educational experiment
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Posted by john on August 15th, 2007 — in Acyclovir Top News
Newswise — A team of University of Kentucky researchers has identified the roles that herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) proteins play during the invasion of cells and the formation of skin lesions known as cold sores and fever blisters.
The team, led by microbiology, immunology and molecular genetics associate professor Robert Geraghty, said that after the virus binds to the cell surface, two proteins are triggered to merge with the cell’s lipid layer, while a third protein “penetrates” the merged lipid layer to provide virus access to the cell.
The findings advance existing understanding of how HSV-1 attacks cells. Geraghty’s earlier work had identified how a protein, Nectin-1, that is important for skin adhesion, is targeted by an HSV-1 protein, called “gD,” that affixes itself to Nectin-1.
Immediately after gD has affixed itself to the skin cell’s Nectin-1, the two proteins begin blending with the cell surface’s lipid layer. Geraghty said those proteins are referred to as “gH” and “gL.” After those two act on the cell’s surface, a fourth protein, “gB,” actually fuses with the skin cell to permit the virus to invade.
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Geraghty’s team is now screening peptides that could block the action of gH, gL and gB, thereby preventing the occurrence of HSV-1 infections or reducing the severity of HSV-1 episodes in herpes sufferers.
The research also has implications for understanding how similar viruses attack the body. Among the related viruses are cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr, Kaposi’s sarcoma, varicella-zoster (causes chicken pox and shingles), and several animal herpes viruses, including those that attack horses, pigs and cattle.
Geraghty’s project is funded under a five-year grant from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. The project is scheduled to end next February. His findings have been published in Virology, the Journal of General Virology and the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
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Posted by john on August 10th, 2007 — in Acyclovir Top News
The entire Manchester United football team has been quarantined following a massive herpes outbreak caused when an unnamed infected player kissed the Community Shield following the team’s victory over Chelsea FC.
“Someone–and we’re not naming any names, so don’t ask–had a cold sore when they kissed the Community Shield, and now we’ve all got the cooties,” said team captain Ryan Giggs, who scored the team’s only goal.
The herpes outbreak followed an energetic Community Shield match here against defending EPL champions Chelsea. The teams traded first-half goals, with Florent Malouda answering the Giggs goal. Manchester United won the penalty shootout 3-0 with keeper Edwin van der Saar stopping all three Chelsea attempts.
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But the celebration was marred by the traditional shield-kissing ceremony following the match. Players discovered following the ceremony that one of the players had a cold sore. In the locker room, the mouths of the players and coaches began erupting in open boils.
Public health officials immediately sealed off the locker room and placed the entire team and coaching staff into quarantine. They are not permitted to leave until health officials believe that they are no longer a danger to society.
“We’re hoping that will do the trick,” said Dr. Basil Roofing-Material, the team’s physician. “We think everyone should be ready to go by the fourth week of the season.”
Team officials denied reports in the Sun that three players, including Christiano Ronaldo, had been “humanely destroyed” as a precaution. “We have not put down any players, and even if we did, they would have come from our reserves,” a team spokesman said.
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Posted by john on July 29th, 2007 — in Acyclovir Top News
An experimental sex lubricant designed by Australian researchers has been found to help block both HIV and genital herpes, a study suggests.
Tests on lab animals have shown that the microbicide gel, called Viva Gel, inactivates the HIV virus and another responsible for genital herpes.
Lead researcher Dr Jeremy Paull, from the Melbourne-based pharmaceutical company Starpharma, told the International AIDS Society conference in Sydney that the gel would be used by heterosexual men who apply it directly to themselves before sex.
It would be most useful in sub-Saharan African nations where the HIV epidemic is mostly seen among heterosexuals.
The active ingredient in the microbicide is dendrimer, a molecule which binds itself to the viruses and prevents them from infecting healthy cells, Dr Paull said.
Recent trials on animals have shown it is between 85 and 100 per cent effective at blocking both viruses.
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Safety trials of the gel are now underway in humans and the first results, presented at the congress, show it is safe and well tolerated in healthy men, uncircumcised or not.
Dr Paull said the gel’s ability to prevent genital herpes was particularly positive.
“The prevention of herpes indication, given the level of the epidemic in the developed world, perhaps gives us a different angle,” he said.
The gel was described as “unique” by Roberta Black from the US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, who chaired the conference session.
“I believe it may be unique in terms of development for two different indications, both genital herpes and HIV,” Dr Black said.
The gel is currently being trialled on women as a contraceptive
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Posted by john on July 25th, 2007 — in Acyclovir Top News
In an entry posted on his MySpace page, Morales writes, “The charges that have been leveled against me are absolutely false and without merit and I am prepared to vigorously defend myself and my reputation.”
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The lawsuit filed by Elizabeth Mazzocchi alleges intentional and negligent transmission of a sexually transmitted disease, assault, battery and breach of oral contract.
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Posted by john on July 22nd, 2007 — in Acyclovir Top News
“Gong Show” host Chuck Barris has been enmeshed in a battle with his penthouse neighbor at the Trump Plaza for years now. She’s an 85-year-old “inventor” and crazy ol’ coot named Dorothea M. Weitzner. Barris, a little cuckoo himself—he claimed he was a CIA assassin while hosting the Gong Show—has been on the receiving end of some seriously wacky invectives by Weitzner. In a letter recently published in the New York Law Journal, Weitzner wrote: “what you need is your head cracked open. I’ll get you, just you wait … I’ll get you, you cockroach. You faggot. Your wife’s mother’s a slut.”
Among the other claims Weitzner makes against Barris:
Weitzner frequently accused the Barrises of spying on her apartment, as evidenced — according to Weitzner herself — by their shared use of the same venereal-disease specialist. In a deposition taken in the course of the ejectment proceedings, an attorney for Trump Plaza asked Weitzner if she threatened to slice Mr. Barris’ body part.
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“I might have said that,” she answered. “You know, I’m honest, because I was in a state of paroxysms of hatred for this man who had copied ideas of mine from my telephone conversations. He used my doctor when I had herpes.”
“Is that [Dr. Michael] Kalman?”
“You know how many doctors there are? There are about 10,000 doctors. He picked [mine]. It’s unbelievable, the guy is very tricky.”
Contracting herpes just to spy on your neighbor? That is tricky, also, probably not true.
Sadly for Barris, the lawsuit the co-op board brought to evict Weitzner was recently thrown out on some tenuous legal b.s. Barris, it seems, is doomed to suffer both herpes and harpies a little longer.
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Posted by john on July 17th, 2007 — in Acyclovir Top News
While genital herpes in a prepubertal child raises the suspicion of sexual abuse, the current evidence is too weak to estimate the likelihood of sexual transmission of the virus, according to a report from the UK, published in the Archives of Disease in Childhood.
However, the findings do suggest the probability of sexual transmission among children older than 5 years of age who have genital sores alone and those who have had the presence of the herpes simplex type 2 virus confirmed.
Dr. Richard Reading, from the University of East Anglia in Norwich, and Dr. Yifan Rannan-Eliya, from the University Hospital of Wales in Cardiff, note that herpes simplex type 2 is strongly associated with sexual transmission in adults, but most cases of adult genital herpes in the UK are herpes simplex type 1, so viral typing is not definitive for sexual transmission.
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The presence of oral and genital sores in a child, the investigators point out, may be caused by spread of the virus from the primary site. Also, infection may possibly occur during diaper changing by an infected adult.
The researchers came to these conclusions after they searched published reports to identify studies that investigated sexual transmission as a possible cause of genital herpes in children. Just five papers, published between 1968 and 2003, were identified.
More than half of the reported cases had evidence suggesting a sexual mode of transmission, the authors state. However, as noted, the evidence was just too weak to allow reliable estimations of risk. The papers did not describe any genital contact in much detail, and “physical findings which were taken to indicate abuse would not be seen as adequate or appropriate now.”
Reading and Ranna-Eliya conclude, “A larger, methodologically robust and more up-to-date study of children presenting with genital herpes is required in order to be more certain of the implications in a child who is not mature enough to engage in consensual sexual relations.”
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Posted by john on July 17th, 2007 — in Acyclovir Top News
A genetically engineered herpes simplex virus, primarily known for causing cold sores, may help keep arteries “free-flowing” in the weeks following angioplasty or stent placement for patients.
Christopher Skelly, MD, assistant professor of vascular surgery at the University of Chicago Medical Center, and the study’s lead author says, “One of the drawbacks of balloon angioplasty to open blocked arteries and the use of stents to keep them open is that arteries sometimes experience aggravation from the procedure. The balloon angioplasty, in addition to opening the artery can lead to smooth muscle cell proliferation, similar to formation of scar tissue, known as neointimal hyperplasia. This scar tissue can restrict blood flow not long after the procedures, leading to a recurrence of symptoms. A significant number of these cases end up requiring further intervention to address this complication.”
Researchers at the University of Chicago noted that in recent years, genetically engineered herpes simplex virus studied for its efficacy against malignant tumors of the central nervous system and the liver was blocking certain types of cell death and proliferation of surviving cells. They wanted to test this effect in arteries following angioplasty therapy.
The researchers studied a rabbit model that replicates the restenosis or renarrowing after angioplasty. Rabbits that underwent angioplasty alone experienced significant narrowing of the artery. Rabbits exposed to the herpes simplex virus during angioplasty had minimal changes in the arteries. The smooth muscle cell proliferation which causes the restenosis was very low in the group treated with herpes and remained high in the untreated group.
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One undesirable, yet expected outcome of angioplasty and stent placement is the disruption of the artery’s endothelial layer, which forms the inner lining of the artery. Loss of this inner layer predisposes the artery to blood clot formation which has been a recent concern with drug eluting stents. The researchers found that the endothelial layer was partially restored at 14 days and completely restored at 28 days post-balloon angioplasty in the group treated with the herpes virus.
“The ability to target the smooth muscle cells that cause the narrowing, and regenerate the endothelial cell lining is an important finding,” noted Skelly.
“This study is an important step in the application of genetically engineered herpes simplex viruses for treatment of vascular disease,” Skelly added. “It suggests that genetically engineered viruses may have a significant impact on the outcomes of angioplasty performed in humans. Human trials would be the next step to test this theory.”
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